Individual Constitution and Systems of the State Essay

During the time when the asseverates first decl bed their independence from Great Britain there was an enormous take in for a balance in federal agency. However, the establishment of such cleaved to be no easy task for our pieceing fathers. skipperly the new states constitutions setation was based off the thirteen colonial charters ( bowman & Kearney, 2011, p56). Which was circumscribed a short while later, as the colonies were expanded, to include the rights of Englishmen ( bowman & Kearney 2011, p. 56). According to Bowman & Kearney (2011), All state constitutions both distribute and constrain political power among groups and regions (p. 55). In that such provide the basic and key components for g everyplacenment to go away for an even distribution of power for the three starting timees, while offering safeguard for mortal rights. Constitutions represent the fundamental law of a state, superior to statutory law. Only the federal Constitution and federal statutes take p riority over state constitutions (Bowman & Kearney, 2011, p. 55).Over the course of m some(prenominal) years the states constitutions have been slowly am finish to meet the needs of a maturation brassal body. The current Texas constitution was created in 1876 and is composed of a introduce followed by 17 articles, to include summit of Rights, Legislative surgical incision, Executive Department, and juridic Department (The University of Texas schooling of integrity Tarlton integrity library Jamail Center for effective Research, 2013). bind I of the Texas constitution is the Bill of Rights. It is in this article that individual rights are adumbrate for citizens in which the government apprisenot overlook under any given circumstance. Upon reading the Texas Constitution, the impression is given that religious freedom and for no man to be unjustly persecuted by the hand of the government pose to be the most important feature detai take in the Bill of Rights.Just like the Uni ted States Constitution there are limitations to the freedoms beingness given(p) in this portion of the Texas instrument (The University of Texas inculcate of faithfulness Tarlton Law library Jamail Center for levelheaded Research, 2013). In replica of the United say Constitution, state level constitutions are sculpted later on the federal government in which it delegates power throughout three branches of government administrator, legislative, and judicial (Bowman & Kearney, 2011, p.27). Article III of the Texas Constitution writes the legislative department section 1 states that, The legislative power of this Stateshall be vested in a Senate and House of Representatives, which unitedly shall be styled The Legislature of the State of Texas (The University of Texas School of Law Tarlton Law Library Jamail Center for jural Research, 2013). Sections 2 through 7 details the news report of the legislative department to include the House of Representatives and the Senate and also states the qualifications for such positions. The Senate entails 31 members and is prohibited to exceed such limit.The House of Representatives is comprised of 93 members until the first allotment (The University of Texas School of Law Tarlton Law Library Jamail Center for Legal Research, 2013) and so it may increase by ratio not to exceed 1 representative per 15,000 inhabitants. However the numbers are to never surpass one hundred fifty members. The remainder sections write the limitations of the legislature power, details processes, and conditions the expectations in regards to the conduct of apiece official (The University of Texas School of Law Tarlton Law Library Jamail Center for Legal Research, 2013). In the State of Texas, the Legislative Branch is granted the most powers in writing. One can find supporting evidence to the fact after a complete examination is done of this document. A conclusion can be drawn that as a result of all powers given, this branch is able to have a limited amount of regulation over the other two branches of government. Also, it is here that bills of law are passed to ensure the indispensable provisions stated in other articles are upheld. The power of the executive director branch is amalgamated from the office of the governor (Bowman & Kearney, 2011, p. 68).Historically, the executive branch held more and more more power and stature resulting from constitutional amendments allowing for governors to be elected by popular vote. (Bowman & Kearney, 2011, p. 59). Such unbalance in power eventually led to the people giving governors higher authority to veto legislative bills and granted longer terms. This trend continued through the early 1800s, 1830s and 1840s however, somewhat ended during the Jacksonian Era due to the Jacksonian principle of popular elections to exact most government offices resulted in a fragmented state executive branch. (Bowman & Kearney, 2011, p. 59). Within the Texas Constitution the executiv e branch powers can be found in Article IV, The Executive Department (The University of Texas School of Law Tarlton Law Library Jamail Center for Legal Research, 2013). The Executive Department must tone down a governor, lieutenant-governor, secretary ofState, comptroller of public accounts, treasurer, commissioner of the land of office and attorney general (Ericson & Wallace, 2010).Throughout the remainder of the article, elaboration of the rights and responsibilities of each member is outlined (The University of Texas School of Law Tarlton Law Library Jamail Center for Legal Research, 2013). The discriminative Branch power is bestowed in a supreme court, courts of appeal, district courts, and miscellaneous other courts as authorized by the states constitution. usually the states judicial branch is headed by the state tyrannical tap who tries cases from courts of lower levels (Bowman & Kearney, 2011, p.68). Article V from the Texas Constitution includes the powers of the Jud icial Department to be vested in one imperative Court, in a Court of Appeals, in District Courts, in County Courts, in Commissioners Courts, in Courts of Justices of the Peace, and in such other courts and may be established by law (The University of Texas School of Law Tarlton Law Library Jamail Center for Legal Research, 2013).The head of the Supreme Court is governed by a chief justice and two ally justices. With further reading, the rules and regulations for the court justices and order of operations can be found written in the sections of this article (The University of Texas School of Law Tarlton Law Library Jamail Center for Legal Research, 2013). In conclusion, many amendments have been made to job the needs of a growing population all through history. Conferring with Bowman & Kearney (2011), constitutional revision must be an ongoing process if the states are to cope with the changing contours of American society and stay in the knife edge of innovation and change (p.70 ). In addition, meeting the need of such a vastly growing entity can be a difficult mission.Original limitations set forth by previous documents have been altered to ruminate an even distribution of power and added protections for individuals. Due to the Texas constitutions distance of 63,000 plus words it is seen as one of the most verbose document of other states. According to Joe E. Ericson and Ernest Wallace, Its wealth of detail causes it to resemble a legislation of laws rather than a constitution. Its many requirements and limitations on both state and local governments make it one of the most restrictive among state constitutions (Ericson & Wallace, 2010).ReferencesBowman, A. O., & Kearney, R. (2001). Sate and local anesthetic Government (8th edition).Boston, MA Cengage Ericson, J. E., & Wallace, E. (2010, June 12). Constitution of 1876. Retrieved April 12, 2014, from Handbook of Texas Online https//www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/mhc07 The University of Texas School of Law Tarlton Law Library Jamail Center for Legal Research. (2013). Texas Constitutions 1824-1876. Retrieved April 12, 2014, from obsolete Books and peculiar(prenominal) Collections http//tarlton.law.utexas.edu/constitutions/texas1876/a1 The University of Texas School of Law Tarlton Law Library Jamail Center for Legal Research. (2013). Texas Constitutions 1824-1876. Retrieved April 12, 2014, from Rare Books and Special Collections http//tarlton.law.utexas.edu/constitutions/texas1876/a5 The University of Texas School of Law Tarlton Law Library Jamail Center for Legal Research. (2013). Texas Constitutions 1824-1876. Retrieved April 12, 2014, from Rare Books and Special Collections http//tarlton.law.utexas.edu/constitutions/texas1876/a4 The University of Texas School of Law Tarlton Law Library Jamail Center for Legal Research. (2013). Texas Constitutions 1824-1876. Retrieved April 12, 2014, from Rare Books and Special Collections http//tarlton.law.utexas.edu/constitutions/te xas1876/a3

Consequences of China’s One Child Policy

HIST HP 264-002 Consequences of mainland Chinas hotshot- peasant insurance In the mid 1950s, chinaw atomic number 18s population grew rapidly under monoamine oxidase Zedong. He tangle that the yet manage custodyt for china to get punt on its feet was to capture industrialized and that mainland mainland China would need manpower for this industrialization. Even if Chinas population multiplies umteen clocks, she is fully cap adequate of let outing a solution the solution is production, Mao Zedong proclaimed in 1949. Of all things in the world, people ar the intimately-nigh precious. The population grew so dramatically that the countrys re firsts were become scarce.In 1979, just three years by and by Maos death, the One-Child Policy took effect. This fair play was implemented by Deng Xiaoping to curb the population growth. The original con bookd for this indemnity was economicalally based. thither had been a great dearth, in which some(prenominal) a(prenominal ) people lost their braves, and China wanted to prevent this from happening again. there was non enough suitable farmland to provide food for the wide population nor was there enough water. They wanted to reduce the demand for dirty dogcel resources, maintain a steady labor come in, and reduce unemployment ca utilise by free labor.Chinas justification for this policy was based on their pick up got of the Marxist theory of population growth. This policy has been called the largest population control motion in history. The policy is very contr everyplacesial mainly due to the way enforcement has been carried out. While the policy itself has achieved its main goal, by preventing over 400 gazillion births from 1979-2010, the long-term consequences for China volition be great. The one- pip-squeak policy has many regulations. China maintains that this a voluntary policy except the enforcement of the policy has proven separatewise.I go forth touch briefly on a few of the around important points of the policy. The policy states that two the keep up and wife must twain practice birth planning. Birth outside of marriage is not allowed. Couples ar permitted to sop up one tyke. Late marriage and late births atomic number 18 encouraged. Couples who abide by the policy and read only one kidskin will be prone a certificate to receive rewards and preferential treatment. Those who refuse to follow the policy and give birth to a second squirt will be fined from the month that the child is born.The wages or annual income of twain husband and wife will be decreased by ten-spot to twenty percent for seven years. Regarding pregnancy not adherent to the plan, both husband and wife will be imposed a fine monthly during the period of pregnancy. If the pregnancy is terminated, the fine imposed will be returned. Chinas system in caring for the elderly after retirement is simple. The eldest son is generally responsible. In earlier days, this was not muc h(prenominal) a terrible lodge. However, with Chinas one-child policy, many families find themselves in quite a predicament when their one child is a girl.A girl is traditionally groomed to be married. When the m comes for her to marry, she leaves her family and becomes a part of her husbands family. She then becomes responsible for jocking her husband finagle for his aging p atomic number 18nts. Thus, her own family will be leftfield without shop at and c atomic number 18. Even in cases where the familys only child is a son, the 4-2-1 chore is a good deal created. There is an increased burden on the one child to provide for his aging p atomic number 18nts and grandp bents, in addition to his immediate family. (The 4-2-1 policy refers to 4 grandparents, 2 parents, and 1 child. If personal savings, pensions or state welfare cave in and the single child stoolnot care for the older adult relatives, the older generations would manifestation a lack of resources and necessitie s. This is just one possible consequence to Chinas one-child policy. When mothers become pregnant for the first duration, some manage to swallow an ultrasound to determine the sex of the despoil. This is illegal in China but still happen none-the-less. If the parents learn that this first child is a girl, it is sometimes aborted. This is due to Chinas preference of boys. There are many reasons that Chinese families prefer boys.One reason is an old religious marry to Confucianism that prefers sons over daughters. Another reason is that a son is believed to be difficulter and let on able to help the family with farm work. Also, as I stated earlier, a son will support his parents in retirement and take care of them. A daughter would leave her family and become a part of her husbands family. Sex-selective abortions are leading to a decline in the womanish population, which will as well as have got long-term consequences as well. In China, boys are considered to be so important culturally, that a family is looked down on if they do not produce a boy.Therefore, having a boy is a source of great pride for a family. As if they can control their babys gender, wives are often threatened to be displace back home to their own families if they cannot produce a boy. When a woman is sent back to her own family, it is considered to be very shameful for both she and her family. Also, she would at one time be seen as a burden to her own family. They would have another(prenominal) mouth to feed and would have to support her as well. This would create progress hardships for her family. Another consequence is the danger associated with enforcing the policy.In the early years of the policy, there were drastic measures taken to ensure that the policy was enforced. Population control workers were chartered to enforce the policy strictly. Forced abortions were common amongst these enforcement procedures. Portable ultrasound devices were used to identify candidates who wer e carrying second children in remote villages. most mothers who were eight and a half months pregnant were forced to abort their babies. This was often carried out by injecting a saline solution directly into the mothers stomach.If mothers did not go to the clinic willingly to have the abortions, they were dragged there by force. There have even been reports of mothers who were already nine months pregnant, and in labor, having their babies killed while they were still in the birth canal. This not only harms the unborn child but withal puts the mothers health at risk with the possibility of hemorrhaging, infection, or even death. After these forced abortions, these mothers were subjected to forced sterilization as well. This government agency that if the government ever changes their mind and retracts the policy, these mothers will have no jeopardy of having another child.Often, a mother becomes pregnant with a second child and manages to keep it a secret from the authorities f or fear of forced abortions. If the family is wealthy, they are sometimes allowed to keep the baby if they pay large monetary fines to the government. The amounts of the fines are based on the statistics of the particular area where they are located. They can too have their houses and land taken away as a penalty. They can be denied bonuses at work or may lose their jobs altogether. Parents with more(prenominal) than one child are not given the same benefits as parents of only one child.They must pay for both children to go to schooling and pay for the entire familys healthcare. Most families are not able to pay these fines nor are they able to survive without the significant benefits that are normally provided. This leads to families living in poverty and even death due to starvation or lack of proper healthcare. Another consequence of Chinas one-child policy is the rate of female infanticide. Parents often panic when their baby is a girl and either kill the baby themselves or a bandon the baby. Babies are ramshackle in many ways.Sometimes they are taken to remote places and left to die. former(a) times they are left in cosmos places, with or without notes, so that they can be found and taken to an orphanage. If the child is not found immediately, they can often be malnourished or in poor health when arriving at an orphanage. When this is the case, and a baby is beyond help, some Chinese orphanages have what are called dying entourage. These rooms are horrific. Babies are strapped to a chair with a hole in the seat that collects the babys waste. The babies in these rooms are left there, with no nourishment or care, to die.In the cases where the babies are abandoned and somebody finds them rather quickly, they are taken to an orphanage to be cared for or are sent to a foster family. The lucky children are take internationally. Others can spend their whole lives in the orphanage. In China there are around 1,000 orphanages. Only 250 of those will send child ren out of the country to be adopted. Officially registered adoptions increased from 2,000 in 1992 to 55,000 in 2001. Many more were adopted informally without registration. In 2005, around 7,900 children were adopted into the United States.In reality, only about 5% of children in Chinese orphanages are adopted at all. Many babies put up for adoption have not been abandoned by their parents but confiscated by family planning officials. The one-child policy has also had a negative effect on the children legally born to couples. Parents tend to over indulge these children. This epidemic has created the name secondary emperors for these children and the condition created is being called little emperor syndrome. These children are blighted. Because there was once a great famine in China, the parents want to give these children what they were deprived of.They want to ensure that they have plenty to eat and overindulge them. The children have become fat. There is direct an initiative i n China to stop obesity in children. There are clinics where parents and children are educated about healthy eating and exercise. Some children are even receiving acupuncture to curb their appetites. The fact that children are becoming overweight is not the only problem with the little emperors. They also dumbfound from poor neighborly communication, poor cooperation skills and lack of self-discipline. They often struggle with strong personality disorders.In March 2007, the Chinese Peoples political Consultative assemblage (CPPCC) called on the Chinese government to abolish the one-child rule. Ye Tingfang, a sponsor of the proposal, argues that It is not healthy for children to play only with their parents and be spoiled by them. The one-child limit is too extreme. Children in our country may not even be blessed to have cousins which is a serious incapacitate to their nature and may lead to personality flaws. It violates natures law and in the long run, this will lead to Mother Natures revenge. Because of the one-child policy, families who desperately want to have a second child often take on a foster child. This can temporarily take aim a void of desire for more children. These families become very link to the babies that they care for and dear them just as if they were their own. When these babies are adopted, the foster parents are devastated and become deeply depressed and are forced to cope with the loss. This emotional labour is equally felt by the birth parents, who were forced to either abandon the baby or surrender it by force, as well as the foster parents who have cared for the infant.The one-child policy has affected the population significantly. In some areas, there has been a negative population growth. This convey that the deaths of a region have outweighed the births. Also, the Chinese population is aging. This is when the median age of a country or region rises. The elders are now becoming great than the younger generation. This will surely pose a tough strain on the younger generation to care for their older family members with no help from siblings. Another potential problem will arise as the favorite(a) boys reach the age to marry and procreate. There will be a major shortage of women to fulfill the need.In recent studies, the ratio of men to women is 117100. It is estimated that in the year 2020, there will be 40 one million million million more men than women. This will have extreme consequences. These consequences include social instability, courtship motivated emigration, and forced marriages. Another tragic consequence is whoredom which can also lead to a rise in homophile immunodeficiency virus infection and other sexually transmitted diseases. Already there has been a problem with abduction of women. Women are being kidnapped and sold to men in other provinces. They are being raped and treated badly. If they try to scape, they are beaten severely. This are all consequences of the gender imbalance c reated as a result of Chinas one-child policy. There have been a few exceptions made to the policy over the years. In rural areas, parents can take in to have a second child if the first is a girl. Other circumstances that would allow consideration for a second child would be if the first child suffers from a physical disability, mental illness or mental retardation. When this special consent is granted, the parents are subject to birth spacing. This means that the parents must wait a specific amount of time ahead having the second child.This time period is generally from three to five years. Exceptions have also been made if both parents are only children. This would relieve the burden of the 4-2-1 problem on just one child. Special considerations have also been made when the father is a disabled redevelopmentman who will not be able to care for his own aging parents. Official permission is sometimes granted in cases such as the 2008 Sichuan earthquake, where children perished and in other cases where the child is deceased. Finally, there are exceptions made in affirmative operation cases such as with Han Chinese who are considered to be minorities.Although the one child policy seems like an extremely harsh and controversial method of imperious the population, it isnt as harsh as it may seem at first. It depends on which area of the country you live in as to how a great deal it affects you. In some areas which have a low population, the policy is about lenient, whereas in Sichuan, the policy is strictly adhered to in both rural and urban areas because it is overpopulated. As nearly 50% of Chinas population live in the countryside, many are permitted to have two children because for the majority of places, the policy is more strictly enforced in urban areas.Typically, the power of enforcement is given at the provincial level. In March of 2011, the policy was reviewed by the Chinese government. Some officials expressed the need for consideration to allo w couples to have a second child. The government announced that the policy will remain same(predicate) through at least 2015. Chinas one-child policy has had many benefits. It has greatly cut the severity of some major problems that come with overpopulation such as epidemics and slums. It has also helped out the issues with overwhelmed social services such as healthcare, education and law enforcement.The policy has helped reduce Chinas ecologic footprint by decreasing the abuse of fertile land and reduced the production of high volumes of waste. It has, in recent years, provided better health service for women. There has been a reduction in the risks of death and injury in pregnancy and women receive free contraception and prenatal classes. China in recent years, for the most part, has maintained a steady labor rate with reduced unemployment. With families having to spend less money on multiple children, they have more to invest for retirement.Finally, with fewer children, women can invest more time in their careers, increasing their personal income. With all of the benefits that have come from the policy, sometimes all the money and material possessions in the world cannot compare to the love of a child and the freedom to choose how large your family can be. In conclusion, Chinas one-child policy was a drastic measure taken over thirty years ago to control a festering population problem. While it has succeeded in lowering the population and improving the economic situation, the long-term emotional and physical effects felt by families will continue to be unbearable for generations.Losing a child due to immanent causes is hard enough but being forced into abortion, sterilization and renunciation has to be so much worse. BIBLIOGRAPHY Fitzpatrick, Laura. Chinas One-Child Policy, Time, posted July 27, 2009, http//www. time. com/time/world/article (accessed April 9, 2011). Buckley Ebrey, Patricia. Chinese elaboration A Sourcebook. 2nd ed. ( spic-and-span Yo rk The step down Press, 1993), 478-481. Hesketh, Therese, Ph. D. The Effect of Chinas One-Child Policy after 25 Years, The New England Journal of treat 353, no. 11 (2005) 1171-1176. wooly Girls.DVD, directed by David Royle (2005 Washington, DC interior(a) Geographic, 2005). Phillips, Michelle. Women forced to abort under Chinas one-child policy, The Washington Times, posted June 2, 2010, http//www. washingtontimes. com/news/2010/jun/2 (accessed April 9, 2011). Mosher, Steven W. A Mothers trial by ordeal One Womans Fight Against Chinas One Child Policy, (MN Park Press, Inc. , 1993), 56-60. Hays, Jeffrey. One-Child Policy in China, http//factsanddetails. com/china. php (accessed April 9, 2011). Scott, Joan. Child borrowing in Contemporary Rural China, Journal of Family Issues, March 27, 2006 301-340.Consultative Conference The government must end the one-child rule, AsiaNewsit. com, March 16, 2007 (accessed April 9, 2011). Sina English, Advisors say its time to change one-child p olicy, Shanghai Daily, March 15, 2007. http//english. sina. com/china/1/2007/0315/ (accessed April 9, 2011). 1 . Laura Fitzpatrick, Chinas One-Child Policy, Time, posted July 27, 2009, http//www. time. com/time/world/article (accessed April 9, 2011). 2 . Patricia Buckley Ebrey, Chinese Civilization A Sourcebook. 2nd ed. (New York The Free Press, 1993), 478-481. 3 . Therese Hesketh, Ph. D, The Effect of Chinas One-Child Policy after 25 Years, The New England Journal of Medicine 353, no. 11 (2005) 1171-1176. 4 . Steven W. Mosher, A Mothers Ordeal One Womans Fight Against Chinas One Child Policy, (MN Park Press, Inc. , 1993), 56-60. 5 . Lost Girls. DVD, directed by David Royle (2005 Washington, DC National Geographic, 2005). 6 . Michelle Phillips, Women forced to abort under Chinas one-child policy, The Washington Times, posted June 2, 2010, http//www. washingtontimes. com/news/2010/jun/2 (accessed April 9, 2011). 7 . Jeffrey Hays, One-Child Policy in China, http//factsanddetails . com/china. php (accessed April 9, 2011). 8 . Patricia Buckley Ebrey, Chinese Civilization A Sourcebook. 2nd ed. (New York The Free Press, 1993), 478-481. 9 . Lost Girls. DVD, directed by David Royle (2005 Washington, DC National Geographic, 2005). 10 . Joan Scott, Child Adoption in Contemporary Rural China, Journal of Family Issues, March 27, 2006 301-340. 11 . Consultative Conference The government must end the one-child rule, AsiaNewsit. com, March 16, 2007 (accessed April 9, 2011). 12 .Sina English, Advisors say its time to change one-child policy, Shanghai Daily, March 15, 2007. http//english. sina. com/china/1/2007/0315/ (accessed April 9, 2011). 13 . Lost Girls. DVD, directed by David Royle (2005 Washington, DC National Geographic, 2005). 14 . Therese Hesketh, Ph. D, The Effect of Chinas One-Child Policy after 25 Years, The New England Journal of Medicine 353, no. 11 (2005) 1171-1176. 15 . Lost Girls. DVD, directed by David Royle (2005 Washington, DC National Geograp hic, 2005). 16 . Patricia Buckley Ebrey, Chinese Civilization A Sourcebook. 2nd ed. (New York The Free Press, 1993), 478-481.

6 C’s of Communication

Challenge Statement Kindergarten students should transition from books that offer chants, songs and memorized text to books that offer an opportunity to build decoding skills, sight vocabulary and meagerly more(prenominal) difficult text. Instructional/Learning model specified hexad Cs of Motivation leave be used to expose the kindergarteners to diverse types of belles-lettres and to encourage a love of cultivation through the use of the atomic number 31 Picture Storybook Award winners and nominees for the award. Explanation of Instructional/Learning modelStudents feature been given the basic letters and letter sounds to learn with no choice. now is the next step of turning the students into motivated readers. The 6 Cs of Motivation will be the ideal theory to put into utilization with this next step. Choice Giving the students a more challenging filling of books such as the Georgia Picture Storybooks award winners and nominees demands a monstrous next step in enthusia sm from the student. A major earth for the program is to get students involved in schooling without creating a scenario where adversity seems inevitable.Students strive to meet a teaching/learning challenge. Adding the next take of books to the classroom reading age and leisure time will assistance the students to focus on this reading goal. Challenge Students strive to meet a reading/learning challenge. Adding the next level of books to the classroom reading time and leisure time will help the students to focus on their next reading goal. Control When students are given a wide selection, and retain over what topic of book to read because they feel identical they have ownership in their task.If the topic of the book is interesting to them then they will be motivated to read and learn the new words. collaboration The kindergarteners enjoy their Book sidekick (5th grade students) time. Book Buddies will sleep together in and select a book with their apprentice and take turns reading it to each other and discussing what is going on in the invention. Constructive significance If the MKO (Book Buddy/parent/teacher) shows an interest in the new level of reading books and find meaning in what is written then the student will also find meaning n the words, sentences and story. The student finds value in being able to read the story and find that others value what the students is reading to them. They need to be given an opportunity to write and speak what the story was about. Consequences Students will be given the opportunity to share with their Book Buddy class the story that was read together. These opportunities to share what they read will let in pictures and written text that summarizes the story. The event will conclude with an ice work party.When students become motivated, they choose to practice reading books that are more and more challenging. The six Cs of Motivation provides six concepts that could be applied to encourage the developme nt of intrinsic student motivation. As they continue to improve, they become even more excited about improving their reading skills. This process repeats itself while teachers, parents, and book buddies (MKO) praise the kids on their progress. The Six Cs of Motivation is the go around choice of theories to use in this type of reading development.

Hazara people Essay

1. Friendship, guilt, salvation He k un essay rough Assef, the kite, the money, the pathfinder with the lightning bolt hands. He had everlastingly k at one timen. Come. There is a way to be in effect(p) once much, Rahim Khan had give tongue to on the phone entirely earlier hanging up. Said it in pas viceg, almost as an afterthought. (Chapter 14, pg 202). This quote attri just noweizes how amir strived to do either topic to forget, solely he needed to do was to fly to Pakistan and instruct what Rahim Khan wanted him to do. So thats exactly what emir did. Rahim Khan tells amir that there is a way to be good again. amir knew straightaway what he was talking ab pop out.He realizes, that altogether of those years, Rahim Khan had known about Assef, the kite, the money, the watch with the lightning bolt hands. He had always known. Rahim Khan had knew about Hassan getting raped. He needs to go to Afghanistan and talk about the unspoken secret they twain knew about. After the phone conversation, emeer keeps remembering Hassan saying for you, a gramme times over Thinking of this, he knows he has to go to Afghanistan, see Rahim Khan, uncover the secrets and do whatever he asks to be good again. By this he means that emeer has the opportunity to make up for his betrayal of Hassan by saving his son, Sohrab.Rahim Khan knows what re tout ensembley happened to Hassan and also knows that this has been bothering ameer for years so he is basically implying that Amir stooge unsounded redeem himself if he goes clog to Afghanistan. When Amir ran, he ran from jealousy and disquietude fear of Assef and fear of his own reputation as a Pashtun deporting(a) up for a Hazara. The negativity of the social shot influenced Amirs rash decision on betraying Hassan. The prevailing theme of guilt and redemption is weaved through the journey of Amirs life, influenced by the society, where Hazaras are betrayed. 2. enate relationships Here is some other cliche my creati ve writing teacher would yield scoffed at like stupefy like son. But, it was true, wasnt it? As it dark out, Baba and I were more alike than Id ever known. We had both betrayed the people who would stir given their lives for us. And with that came this realization that Rahim Khan had summoned me there to abye non just for my sins but for Babas too. (Chapter 18, pg 238) I chose this quote because not only is it ironic in and of itself, but it also ironically characterizes all the characters in the novel.Amir felt his sinbetraying Hassan do him so diametric from his father. He has spent much of his life exhausting to please Baba and mime his fathers life. It is ironic that now, all these years later, when he discovers he and had father were so similar, it sickens him rather than bringing him joy. In the novel, he continually states that he wouldve never would have dreamed that Babas greatest sin would be stealing on so many different levels (stealing wife, purity, truth) an d kaput(p) against the nang and namoos, he so adamantly preached to his son.Amir and Babas relationship changes passim the novel. The novel starts out with Amir doing whatever he could to win his fathers attention, which includes betraying his best friend, Hassan. He betrayed Hassan for his fathers full attention. He then earns it when Hassan and Ali move out and Baba and Amir move to America. This quote shows that Amir and Baba are very alike. They both betrayed their best friends. Baba betrayed Ali by sleeping with his wife, and Amir betrayed Hassan by not standing up for him while getting assaulted. indeed they both try to redeem themselves with doing other good deeds.Baba, running an orphanhood, and Amir going back to Kabul to pitch Sohrab, Hassans son. 3. Maturing Earlier in the morning, when I was certain no one was looking, I did some involvement I had do twenty-six years earlier I planted a smattering of crumpled money under a mattress (Chapter 19, pg 254) This quote shows how Amir had changed and grew more mature than before. In Kabul, before he had through with(p) the same thing to kick out Ali and Hassan. I lifted Hassans mattress and planted my new watch and a handful of Afghani bills under it. I waited another thirty minutes.Then I knocked on Babas door and told what I hoped would be the last in a long line of sinister lies. (pg. 110) Before, when he put the money under Hassans mattress, it was a coward move. He did it so Baba would get rid of both Hassan and Ali. Amir kept trying to cover up his previous(prenominal) and get rid of it by setting Hassan up. He thought if Hassan left, then everything would go back to normal, but it didnt. Now, Amir had a heart. Rahim Khan told Amir to come back to Afghanistan to rescue Hassans son Sohrab. Amir stayed with Wahids family. They didnt have much at all.They served Amir all their food they had. Amir felt guilty for all the riches he had. Living in America, without war, having sanitary living co nditions and generous food for meals three times a day. So, when it was time for Amir to leave, he snuck a fistful of money under the mattress. This time, it wasnt a coward who had done it, it had been a loving, but guilty man. Amir was slowly paying back his dues and hardships he had created in the past. 4. Strength of the human spirit Then I told him I was going to Kabul. Told him to call the Cald rise ups in the morning.Ill pray for you, Amir jan, he said. (Chapter 18 pg 239) Not only did Amir not stand up for himself, he did not stand up for others either (like Hassan when he got raped). Amir didnt dare to say his opinion, to the public, or to Assef that he and Hassan are friends because Hassan is Hazara and always was going to be. Later that changes. He fights for Sohrab, in fact what he really is doing is fighting back for all the times he didnt fight for Hassan, against Assef. In the fight he gets hare lipped just like Hassan, I think thats a symbol.A symbol that says that h e has become as brave as Hassan. Another thing that indicates this change is that in the dreams he used to have where he couldnt part his father from the bear he later dreams of himself as the bear. He always admired his father, and his father was very brave. Bears are significant as brave and fearless. Back in Kabul, it seemed like Amir was finally doing something good in his life. After some mis plentifuls, Amir agrees to rescue Hassans son, Sohrab, from an orphanage in Kabul. Amir veritable(a) fights against a Taliban official who turns out to be Assef in influence to save Sohrab.This reminds Amir and the readers that this time it wasnt Hassan who was in Assefs fist, it was his son and Amir had to save Sohrab because he couldnt save Hassan last time. This is action instead of inaction bravery instead of cowardliness selflessness instead of self-absorption. Perhaps this streak of good deeds testament make up for his betrayal of Hassan. Its almost as if the footsure Amir combin es with the helpless and coward childhood Amir. While saving Sohrab, Amir makes a huge mistake and goes back on a promise to Sohrab. As a result, Sohrab tries to commit suicide.Were watching Amir repeat mistakes from the past even as he attempts to put the past to rest. This is Amir at his best and worst and perhaps this is the real Amir that really combines all the previous versions of him. Hes weak and blind, but also basically kind. Hes jealous, but in the end only wants to be loved. raze though sometimes during the book, we would want to scream at Amir, but as we know that hes an utterly human character, and cant blame him for anything. 5. Discrimination and prejudice True, I hadnt made Ali step on that land mine, and I hadnt brought the Taliban to the house to call for Hassan.But I had driven Hassan and Ali out of the house. Was it too far-fetched to think things dexterity have turned out differently if I hadnt? peradventure Baba would have brought them to America. Maybe H assan would have a home of his own now, a job, a family, a life in a country where no one cared that he was a Hazara, where most people didnt even know what a Hazara was. Maybe not. But maybe so. (Chapter 18, pg 238) The Kite moon curser tackles the issue of discrimination in Afghanistan with an example of the relationship amongst Pashtuns and Hazaras.Babas father sets an example for Amir of being kind to Hazara people, even though they are historically not appreciated and persecuted. Baba could have easily send Ali to an orphanage after his parents death, but he chose not to and picked the decision of education him in his household. Baba does the same with Hassan, although this is because of the fact that Hassan is actually his son after all. Even in Babas house, the house of best intentions, the class barrier between the Pashtuns and Hazaras endures. Ali is as dear to Baba as a brother.Baba calls him family. But Ali still lives in a hut and sleeps on a mattress on the floor. He tends the garden, cooks, and cleans up after Baba, and raises Hassan to do the same. So strong is Hassans identity as a servant that even as an adult, when Baba is gone, he has no soul of entitlement. He insists on staying in the hut and doing housework. When Hassan dies defending Babas house, he does so not because he feels it belongs to him, but because he is being patriotic to Baba and Amir. Discrimination is everywhere and nowhere at the same time.Assef tells Amir, Afghanistan is like a beautiful mansion littered with garbage, and someone has to take out the garbage. homogeneous his idol, Hitler, he feels entitled to killing those he deems unworthy of living in his land. He even relishes the term ethnic cleansing because it goes so well with his garbage metaphor. Like Baba, many people do not have in mind the Hazaras history of persecution. The author shows that the persecution of the Hazaras is not new, but a greatly increase outgrowth of long-held discrimination. 6. M ans inhumanity to manHow could he have lied to me all those years? To Hassan? He had sat me on his solve when I was little, looked me straight in the eyes, and said, There is only one sin. And that is theft When you tell a lie, you steal someones right to the truth. Hadnt he said those words to me? And now, fifteen years after Id buried him, I was learning that Baba had been a raider. And a thief of the worst kind, because the things hed stolen had been sacred from me the right to know I had a brother, from Hassan his identity, and from Ali his honor. His nang. His namoos. (Chapter 18, pg 237) Until Rahim Khan reveals Babas secret, Amir thinks he is the only sinner among his family and friends. The biggest shocker to Amir was that Hassan was really his half brother. After Amirs overprotect died, Baba had slept with Hassans mother and got her pregnant. All along Baba knew that Hassan was his son and Ali covered as his father and the two of them were servants in Babas house. Amir t hought about the reason why Baba was so worked up over Amirs mentioning of getting new servants was because he would be losing his son that way.There were so many signs he realizes like the plastic surgery and always inviting Hassan to events. Amir was filled with anger and he felt betrayed by Rahim and especially Baba. The distress is even greater in his life that he had driven out his own half brother and did not even know it, and now there is no way to make things right because Hassan is dead. Amir is shocked, taken back, and deeply hurt. Even before Amir betrays him, Hassan makes him feel guilty just by being such a righteous person.Amir is ever trying to measure up to Baba, because he does not realize that Baba is so hard on him because of his guilt over his own sin. Amir feels as though his entire life has been a cycle of betrayal, even before he betrayed Hassan. But having a taste of betrayal himself does little towards save Amir. In Ghazi Stadium, the Taliban skews the words of Muhammad in order to justify murdering the alleged adulterers. The mullah announces that every person should have a punishment befitting his sin. Although he would not want to compare himself to the Taliban, Amir believes this in regards to his own sin.When he tried to get Hassan to pelt him with pomegranates, he was expressing his feeling that in order to be forgiven for hurting Hassan, Hassan moldiness hurt him. When Assef almost kills Amir, he felt healed, as though now that Assef has hurt him, it is fair. He even tells Farid that in the board with Assef, he got what he deserved. In the end, Amir finds out that punishment is not what will redeem him from his sin. It is not even saving Sohrab. In order to make up for his sin and Babas before him, Amir must erase the lines of discrimination he has lived with all his life by giving Sohrab an equal chance at success and happiness.

Critics on the ” Discourse on the Arts and Sciences”

It prat non be denied that with the development of information and technology, people live in a much comfortable way which they hatful never image star hundred years before. Sciences and arts change peoples thoughts and improve human culture. well-nigh changes may be good, others may be not that delightful, but no matter how, we still go forward in the wave of science revolution. What scientists do is all about human needs, not like Rousseau argued, which is simply a result of pride and vanity.For example, do weneed cars, trains, planes? No, surly we can walk to whateverwhere by our own feet, no matter how bulky it takes or how dangerous it can be. Do we need phones? Of course not, I can yell from one mountain to the other trying to mark my mother I will get home later. Excuse for my mockery and please no offense, but I have to quote the animadversion from Jules Lemaitre who thought the instant deification of Rousseau as one of the strangest proofs of humans stupidity.Ma terial abundance in addition brings some problems and the critical one is inequality which is the most important contestation arised by Hippies. The conclusion they give is no more material, and we should all go back to primitive or so called as noble savage. manifestly it is an unadvisable and unrealistic idea. Inequality can not be abruptly avoided whether we use forks or not. Once wolves work together for hunting, there is an Alfa as a leader who is the strongest one of the term and will get more food for its protection from enemies.Is that fair for other members gain less because they be born weaker? Should they just abandon eating for avoiding unwanted impurity? preceding(prenominal) all, I cant say agree to Rousseau for his attitude to sciences and ars. If there are any unfairness caused by sciences, what we should do is to creat more material wealth for everyone can afford luxury. There will be no inequality which is the akin as primitive society, and the difference is ample material.

Feminization of Poverty Essay

Researching Feminization of poverty was quite interesting. I rake all the diffe engage opinions on the internet, the student forum and articles about it as well. As I feel strongly about the subject I had already formed my opinion about it. Coming from a non so great upcoming when I was young I unendingly analyzed womens actions and the reasons why most women my fuss and the people she associated with were beneath the poverty line. I came up with three very specific reasons, whiz relation with men, two low self-esteem, and three uneducated. My let actually feature all three. I have till the day I substructure remember have always observed women and their relationships with men and studied what I thought they did wrong and what I thought they did correctly. I would externalise my milliampere give in quickly to my father even though she was right in the situation and that caused rifts in the relationships that will ultimately jeopardize funds and in return cause many other issues in the sign from having to budget and find different resources to accommodate the needs of what wasnt cosmos met at home.Even though that meant my mother going to churches for charity for clothes, shoes, gifts for holidays and rent assistance just to keep a couple of extra bucks in my fathers pocket. Secondly, Self-esteem it seems kind of unruly but it decidedly fits in to the equation if you think about it. Self-esteem stopped my mother and others she associated with to go out and seek better opportunities. Not having perfect teeth, commensurate clothes, or being groomed a certain way sight lower your self-esteem to the point where you doubt yourself in to being qualified to get that position which leads to settling for what you have and in return you do not better your life or are able to inform your children that you can achieve whatever your heart desires in life.Lastly Education, my mother and others she knew did not have sufficient or any education to throw awa y into any new positions or give them the ability to apply for a better position else were. Not knowing or not advance in a career can leave you stuck in a dead end job for years and ultimately leave you enquire where have all the years gone by? Although many may read this and think that I am putting women at misapprehension for everything involving feminization of Poverty. I can only help but see the facts as a person who has been through it and has made the efforts to change that bike I can only express my opinion and wait for person to prove me otherwise.

Stefan’s Diaries: Bloodlust Chapter 30-31

Chapter 30October 19, 1864Im out of danger, further I dont feel safe. I wonder if Ill incessantly feel safe again, or ordain I forever utmostseeing for a desire that Ill never fulfill? Will I lead used to the ache? Twenty, two hund florid, two thousand years from now, will I however remember these weeks? And will I remember C all(prenominal)ie and her red hair, her laugh?I will. I have to. Callie has saved me and given me another(prenominal) chance at demeanor. In a government agency, its like she was the daylight that followed the unfairness Katherine had cast upon my existence. Katherine turned me into a monster, save Callie has changed me back into the Stefan Salvatore Im proud to be.I wish her love. I want nothing but the best for her. I want for her to live in the light and find a tender-heartedsa humanwho will appreciate and adore her, who will relieve oneself her outdoor(a) from Gallaghers house forever to a quiet home on a lake, where she can teach her childre n to skip stones.I woke in the middle of the night to what I suasion were hailstones bouncing against the windowpane. Despite Lexis rules, I peeked by averages of a tiny slit in the curtains and squinted into the darkness. The trees were bare, their branches like ghostly limbs stretchability toward the sky. Though it was a moonless night, I could see a racoon scamper through the yard. And then, a figure standing timidly after part one of the columns on the portico.Callie.I hastily pulled on a garment and slipped down the stairs, winning care to not make any noise. The exit thing I wanted was for Buxton or Lexi to discern that a human had followed me home.The door shut with a thud behind me, and I aphorism Callie jump.Im here, I whispered, feeling thrilled, confused, and excited, all at once.Hi, she said shyly.Are you vent somewhere? I asked, nodding at her bag.I hope so. She clasped my pass with her own. Stefan, I dont care what you are. Ive never cared. And I want to b e with you. She looked into my look. I I love you.I gazed at the ground, a lump in my throat. Back when I was a human, I thought Id loved Katherine until I saw her, chained up, muzzled, and foaming at the mouth. Id felt nothing but disgust at that vision. And yet Callie had seen me unconscious, bleeding from vervain, staked by captors, and pummeling my brother in the ring, and she still loved me. How was that possible?You dont have to respond, Callie rushed on. I unsloped had to tell you. And Im leaving no matter what. I cant stick out here with Father, not after everything thats happened. Im getting on the train, and you can experience with me. But you dont have to. But I want you to, she babbled.Callie I interrupted, placing a finger to her lips. Her look widened, shifting between fear and hope.I would go with you anywhere, I said. I love you, too, and I will for the rest of my life.You mean your un-life, she said, her eyes dancing. How did you know where I lived? I asked, su ddenly shy.Callie blushed. I followed you home once. When you ran away after the first vampire fight. I wanted to know everything about you.Well, now you do.Unable to restrain myself, I pulled her into my arms and let down my lips to hers, no longer afraid to hear the personal credit line coursing in her veins or to hear her heart beat faster in anticipation. She tightened her purse around me, and our lips touched. I hungrily kissed her, feeling the softness of her lips against mine. My fangs didnt grow, my desire was all for her, in her human form, as she was.She was soft and warm and tasted like tangerines. In those moments, I imagined our future. Wed take the train as far away from New Orleans as possible, maybe to California, or perhaps even sail to Europe. Wed nest in a little cottage and keep livestock for me to feed from, and Callie and I would live out our long time together, away from the prying eyes of society.A nagging thought tugged at the corner of my mind Would I t urn her? I hated the thought of doing it, of sinking my teeth into her w fall upone neck, of qualification her live a life in which she craved blood and feared the daylight, but I also couldnt oblige the thought of seeing her grow old and die in calculate of me. I shook my head, trying to release those thoughts. I could deal with them later. We two could.Stefan, Callie murmured, but then the murmur turned into a gasp, and she slipped out of my cargo area and onto the ground. A butchers knife stuck into her back, blood pooling out of it.Callie I cried, sinking to my knees. CallieFrantic, I tore a vein in my wrist, trying to feed Callie my blood to heal her. But before I could press my arm to her gasping mouth, an undetected hand yanked me up by the shirt collar.A low, familiar express joy have a go at it through the night air. Not so fast, brother.Chapter 31I whirled around, my hand stool to strike, my fangs bared. Before I could move, Damon grabbed my shoulders and flung me across the street. My body hit the road, hard, my arm snapping at an unnatural angle. I scrambled to my feet. Callie was lying in the let on, her red hair fanning over her shoulder, a pool of blood darkening around her. She let out a quiet moan, and I knew she essential be in agony.I started to race back to her, pumping my blood to my abrupt wound so she could feed easily. But Damon intercepted me, lowering his shoulder into my agency and knocking me backward.I scrambled to my feet. This frees now I yelled, ready to pounce. I flew toward him, ready to rip him apart, to give him what hed wanted for so long.Does it stop now? Before dinner? Damon asked, a slow smile forming on his face. I watched in aversion as Damon knelt down, bared his teeth, and sunk them into Callies neck, alcohol addiction long and hard. I tried to push him away, but he was far too strong. How many people had he fed from since our escape?I kept tugging, trying to free Callie, but Damon stayed in the same put down as if he were a marble sculpture.Help Lexi I roared, as Damon sent me flying backward with a swift jab of his elbow.I hit the grass with a thud. Damon kept drinking. I realized with horror that Callies moaning had stopped. So had the steady, thrumming sound of blood Id gotten so used to hearing in Callies presence. I fell to my knees.Damon turned toward me, his face smeared with blood. Callies blood. I blanched at the sight. Damon chuckled. You were right, brother. Killingiswhat vampires do. Thanks for the lesson.Ill kill you, I said, rushing toward him once more. I knocked him to the ground, but Damon took advantage of my injured arm and flipped me over, pinning me to the ground close to Callie.Damon shook his head. I dont think I will die tonight, thank you. Youre done being the one to make the life-and-death decisions, he hissed.He stood up, as if he were going to walk away. I crawled over to Callie. Her eyes were wide open and glassy, her face pale. Her chest was sti ll rising and move, but barely.Please live, I thought, gazing into her unblinking eyes in a dread(a) attempt to compel her. I saw her eyelids flutter. Could it be possible that it was works?I want you to live. I want to love you while youre alive, I thought, squeezing blood from my wounds into her open mouth.Then, as drops fell on her face, I felt an agonizing pain in my abdomen. I sprawled on the grass as Damon kicked me over and over and over in the stomach, a devilish look in his eye.Summoning all my strength, I scuttled on the dew-damp background away from Damon.Help me, I called again toward the house.Help me Damon mocked in a sing-song voice. Not quite the big man, anymore, are we, little brother? What happened to taking over the world? Got too busy having tea parties with your little friends and falling in love with humans? He shook his head in disgust.Something inside me snapped. Somehow, I pushed myself to my feet and raced toward Damon, fangs bared. I pushed him to the ground, my fangs carving a long, jagged cut along his jugular vein. He fell to the ground, blood draining from his neck, his eyes closing.For a moment, he looked like my brother again. No bloodshot eyes, no voice laced with hatred. Just the broad shoulders and dark hair that evermore symbolized Damon. And yet he wasnt Damon anymore. He was a monster on a spree of destruction, stopping at nothing to make his threat of making my life miserable come true.I surveyed the ground around us, ultimately glimpsing a small tree limb, a few feet away, fallen after a storm. I crawled over to the branch and raised it high preceding(prenominal) his chest.Go to hell, I whispered, fervently meaning each word.But as the words left my mouth, Damon lunged up from the ground, his eyes red and his fangs bared. Thats no way to talk to family. He scoffed, throwing me to the ground. And thats no way to hold a stake.He raised the branch high over my chest, a gleam in his eye. Heres the death you didnt le t me have. Slow, and painful, and Im going to enjoy every second of it, Damon said, cackling as he brought the stake down with all his might against my chest.And then everything went black.

Beauty Lies in the Eye of the Beholder

McNulty, J. , Neff, L. , Karney, B. (2008). journal of Family Psychology. Beyond Initial Attraction Physical Attractiveness in honeymooner Marriage, 22(1), 135-143. Beauty lies in the eye of the beholder. A famous contention that normally holds true. However, how long will this beauty last in the beholders eye? Will carnal appearance affect a relationship over time as the relationship deepens and develops? A test was aimed by James K. McNulty, Lisa A. Neff, and Benjamin R. Karney attempting to answer how physical appearances continue to affect established relationship.The study was published in the Journal of Family Psychology in 2008 titled Beyond Initial Attraction Physical Attractiveness in Newlywed Marriage. The primary reason for the study was to expand on previous studies of physical kindness which suggested that physical magnet should be affiliated with much positive outcomes in marriage. Apparently, many studies of physical piquantness came about to realise or ov er- throw two poets recognition on the period of physical attractiveness.Poet John Keats believes that the benefits of beauty are everlasting while poet G. B. Shaw believes that beauty is designate to fade over time. Different theories were also taken into consideration. Equity and resemblance theories predict that attractiveness should be connected with great aims of expiation and offense versa. Evolutionary perspectives and normative resource theories suggest that the gender of the much attractive partner should play an meaning(a) role in determining the make of different attractiveness.The author had cited clear review of literature and the problem was distinctly visible to the average reader why the researchers felt this study need to be done. With that said, this research tested hypothesis about whether physical attractiveness continues to influence relationships after marriage or fade with time and experience. The management of the study was to obtain observer rati ngs of physical attractiveness, observer ratings of centering, and self reports of satisfaction from a sample of recently married couples.Relative levels of attractiveness were then canvas in order to understand the impact of each better halfs attractiveness on how they compare with one another. Only newlyweds were selected for this particular study. The couples had to be recently married, were relatively around the same age, and were selected within the first 6 months of both partners first marriage. The selected 82 eligible couples went finished a formal laboratory session and questionnaires before any experiments were conducted.To conduct the ratings of physical attractiveness, the researchers had to use the Quality Marriage Index, a six-item scale asking spouses to rate general statements about their marriage. Higher scores would reflect greater satisfaction with the relationship. To conduct ratings of behavior, trained raters had coded videotaped discussions of support to pics based on The hearty Support Interaction Coding System. E really behavior such as speaking, turning, and gestures were recorded and analyzed.To conduct self reports of satisfaction, researchers rated the nervus facialis attractiveness of each spouse from the recorded videotapes. From a scale from 1 to 10, higher ratings indicated more attractive faces. The results of the study reflected the researchers expectations in newlyweds. According to the tables and data, both husbands and wives had relatively high level of marital satisfaction, there were more positive behaviors during their social support interactions, and their facial attractiveness were at the attractiveness scale.Further analyses were conducted on levels of physical attractiveness connected with outcomes of established relationships. Regression models were drawn separately for husbands and wives and the results indicated that the absolute levels of attractiveness were associated with both satisfaction and behavior. Surprisingly, findings shows that more attractive husbands tended to expect more negatively in an established relationship but neither the husbands nor wives supportive behavior was think with their partners attractiveness.Results indicate that relative attractiveness was a better predictor of behavior thus, the analyses were consistent with the predictions derived from evolutionary and normative recourse theories. Both husband and wives behave more positively when the wives are more attractive than the husband, but more negatively when the husbands were more attractive than wives. It is believed that physical attractiveness is less important to the wives thus, attractiveness may only affect them through the effect on husbands.The current study is consistent with Poet John Keats view where the attractiveness that brings deal together will continue to influence relationships even after marriage. However, the way physical appearances affects the relationship seems to change over t ime. The recommendations for the current study were to a call for additional research in the area. It is suggested to use larger samples with variable attractiveness. More variables in other indicators of attractiveness are definitely recommended as well. This was a very in-depth research project.For the most part it was well scripted and well organized. The methods use to gather the data for the study was clearly explained. The instruments and using were explained and all possible tests were given. The findings were well organized, sectioned, and reported objectively. The conclusions of the study were based on the findings and logically stated. The article did get a little complicated in the reporting of data due to the complicated statistical procedures used. Overall, it was a very interesting, significant contribution to the field of research in family psychology.

Family in the 21st Century Essay

Family inthe 21st cokeIntroduction In the past years family has been the base of the society nevertheless on that point has been an enormous change in this 21st century. This change has brought a impudent meaning of a family. There are a the great unwashed of factors that has contributed to this change of the sincere meaning of a family. This change is non for the wagerer of the family but for the worse and because of that there has been a failure in the society. The real concept of the family according to peter, 1998 was based on extended family where each(prenominal) families were staying together nonetheless some under one roof. In those families, children were taken-care by all members of the family. This has eventually changed in this century where now families live far from their relatives and even most of the children they do not cut their grand elevate (Clarke et al, 1998). This has do mephistophelean to increase in the society in that relatives can join becau se they do not know one anothers origin. In the past, families consulted their grand parents during difficult succession, but in this propagation there is no respect between families and there grand parents. This reflects the true meaning of a family in this generation. Mothers were not allowed to work outside home job a century ago this was for the advantage of the children because they were raised in a true manner. Due to change in labor market in this generation the percentage of works women has increased. This has caused a situation where both parents are working and thus childrens are left to house workers, this is the reason wherefore the young generations of this century are so evil because they do not have anybody to guide them. That is the new meaning of families today where they are so business oriented and they forget parental (Clarke et al, 1998). Families of this century have baffle ant-technology in that they spend all their time on televisions, phones and in the cordial media. This is not only children only but also parents. Parents lack time to teach their kids good morals and they end up to be a problem in the society. The exposure of children to this social media has caused them to be introduced to evil things at a younger age. Due to lack of time between parents and childrens, there has been lack of unity in the todays families (Clarke et al, 1998). This is because parents are to crabby with their work and they have no time with their childrens and even themselves. The new concept of families today is that families do not know each other. Parents do not know each other and children do not know their parents. Lastly many families today consist of single parents or children universe raised by their grand parents this is because of come apart in many families. closure The concept of family has changed in the 21st century for worse and thus family has bemused its position as a corner stone in the society. The evil that is in the societ y today is due to the failure of the family to stand in its position. Children are the most affected in this dramatic change of families, this is because when parents divorce childrens are the ones who suffer and when they lack morals due to their parents failure, they are still the ones who suffer.ReferencePeter Clarke, Cheri Viniall and others, (1998) Raising the commonplace Thecode of practice forchildrens information service.Published by Choices in Childcare. Out of print. root system document

Behavioral Genetics

Multiple situations and conditions rat bumble or find gentle carriage in someones. My scheme was elementtics has the strongest diverge on human behavior because of the inability to have rule over heredity. Without control, how digest single improve or change their behavior? Mental disorders croupe be inherited through genetics. Examples of genetically acquired psychological disorders atomic number 18 schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. My personal experience with individuals with those particular types of noetic disorders exhibit dissimilar behaviors that those without the disorder.The way one interacts with otherwise and the perception of that individual by social club can be molds by mental disorders . My guess was slightly changed later on reading the article behavioural Gentics by Joseph McInerney . McInerney raised in depth look for that alluded to the fact that genetics alone does not influence human behavior. He believes that unless every person is tested a unequivocal correlation betwixt genetics and behaviors volition not exist. (J. McInerney Behavioral genetic science 24Aug2011) In subject field studies, researchers scarcely test a select hardly a(prenominal)er and this does not provide enough learning to prove or contradict genetics behavioral influence. According to McInerney, there whitethorn be others component parts that may be mystify in conjunction with genetics that may influence human behavior. Behaviors ar the response of an individual, group, or species to its environment (Merriam Webster Dictionary). Genetics be a class of biology that deals with the heredity and variation of organisms (MWD). Through translation genetics is not a factor for behaviors.Genetics can be a factor, plainly does not necessarily have to be a controlling factor that influences human behavior. McInerney provided multiple starting times of other studies that solidified his view. I make my hypothesis based on my personal experience of wad with mental disorders that had a historyof mental illness in their family. I only had access to a minimal hail of lot with this disorder and made an inference without beseeming investigation. After reading this research I tonus that my hypothesis was scantily an opinion that could be perceived as judgmental. I believe that the spring was creditable site because it was a overnment website. I will not verify that I agree or disagree with the study presented. The information was from one source. I would have to read every source that McInerney provided and research other sources that oppose McInerney findings. I well-educated that solely from reading someone elses opinion that it affected and influenced my behavior. I am commonly very determining(prenominal) when I formulate an opinion. Normally my opinion is never altered collect to someone elses input. I have learned that many people make inferences and consider themselves expertise without more informa tion from other sources.Behavioral GeneticsHeredity and the environment produce an individual difference in development. Behavioral genetics has an impact in development. Behavioral genetics consort to Francis Galton is based on a mans natural abilities that be derived by inheritance, beneath exactly the same limitations as are the form and physical features of the on the whole organic world. The role of behavioral genetics is based on human behavior influenced by genetics and the environment.For instance, Galton focused on the try of inheritance of gifted and talented families, and found that intelligence great power be genetic, to date he also found that it has a lot to do with environmental factors. Galton researched in behavioral genetics including studies of twins and adopted children to compare environmental factors and biological factors. While contemporary behavioral genetics being the largest stolon of human behavioral genetics covers phenotypes such as alcoholism , bipolar disorders, and schizophrenia however, investigations have not yet found genes associated to these mental illnesses but are rather environmental.Behavioral genetics has implications in society that affects a massive amount of physical behaviors that includes homosexuality, aggression, and nurturing, and intelligence. For example, the amount of tolerance that a distinction would fur goes for prisoners or homosexuals such as getting treatment or prevent the let of individuals affected. The only known fact is that no gene determines behaviors.This was proved by a study published in 1999 of the smart gene this gene was practiced on mice by injecting what is known as the high gene, and the study came to a conclusion that the learning enhancement only lasted a few hours, and was only retain in short memory. Having a certain trait does not mean that the trait will develop instead it can only be taken as a chance that it might or may not. Behavioral genes is still quite a brain- teaser but can not be elapsed because there are major possibilities that traits may exist.Behavioral GeneticsMultiple situations and conditions can impair or influence human behavior in individuals. My hypothesis was genetics has the strongest influence on human behavior because of the inability to have control over heredity. Without control, how can one improve or change their behavior? Mental disorders can be inherited through genetics. Examples of genetically acquired mental disorders are schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. My personal experience with individuals with those particular types of mental disorders exhibit different behaviors that those without the disorder.The way one interacts with other and the perception of that individual by society can be influences by mental disorders . My hypothesis was slightly changed after reading the article Behavioral Gentics by Joseph McInerney . McInerney provided in depth research that alluded to the fact that genetics alone does not influence human behavior. He believes that unless every person is tested a definitive correlation between genetics and behaviors will not exist. (J. McInerney Behavioral Genetics 24Aug2011) In case studies, researchers only test a select few and this does not provide enough information to prove or disprove genetics behavioral influence. According to McInerney, there may be others factors that may be present in conjunction with genetics that may influence human behavior. Behaviors are the response of an individual, group, or species to its environment (Merriam Webster Dictionary). Genetics are a branch of biology that deals with the heredity and variation of organisms (MWD). Through definition genetics is not a factor for behaviors.Genetics can be a factor, but does not necessarily have to be a controlling factor that influences human behavior. McInerney provided multiple sources of other studies that solidified his view. I made my hypothesis based on my personal experience of people with mental disorders that had a historyof mental illness in their family. I only had access to a minimal amount of people with this disorder and made an inference without proper investigation. After reading this research I feel that my hypothesis was just an opinion that could be perceived as judgmental. I believe that the source was creditable site because it was a overnment website. I will not say that I agree or disagree with the information presented. The information was from one source. I would have to read every source that McInerney provided and research other sources that oppose McInerney findings. I learned that solely from reading someone elses opinion that it affected and influenced my behavior. I am usually very decisive when I formulate an opinion. Normally my opinion is never altered due to someone elses input. I have learned that many people make inferences and consider themselves expertise without more information from other sources.

Monopoly and American Dream

Monopoly Reinforcement of the American conceive of Many board secret plans atomic number 18 utilize to bring in family, friends, and even strangers to come together and sociableize. What many stack do not know is that sometimes these games teaches our society the nurses, skills, and complaisant stat usages in each individuals brio. Video games such as ornament of Honor or Call of Duty teach young teens (even children), the American pride of being a soldier. Board games such as heart teaches individuals intimately life in general or what is expected by society when children move on to be adults (go to college, urinate a job, check kids, get married).Ive decided to examine the Monopoly board game, where it teaches a variety of value, skills, and societal inequalities. Some good aspects about the Monopoly game be the teachings of real life account statement. A player learns how to budget their notes and makes decisions on what to spend. There are even taxes, such as lux ury tax and income tax. Mastilak (2012) states that Monopoly involves investing cash into a financial enterprise, developing a strategy, making investment decisions, pay expenses, collecting revenues, and competing with otherwise similar enterprises. Monopoly teaches individuals the value of the American Dream.It is supposedly express that everyone starts off in the same mixer conditions and everyone has equal chances to climb the social classes. In the game, every player starts off with the same amount of money. In life, everyone is born with the same opportunities among your peers. For example, individuals born in a low social class have the same amount of chances to reach the higher social statuses. To reach a high social class, individuals have to invest themselves in the American dream, so that one-day individuals will own a house, have money, have luxurious items, and live happily. The Monopoly game incorporates the American dream elements into the game. The paper money obviously represents money, the houses and hotels represents real estate luxuries are included in the game as well, such as a jet plane, a limo, a yacht, and a bullet train. Even household luxuries such as urine and electricity are included. The game is based on competition the victor is clearly the wealthiest. The game represents corporate culture, where the game is about winners and losers, its about greed and its about being stony. Players are suppose to use every elan to get their wants, even if it kernel hurting their family and friends.For example, if a player lands on another players spot, the player has to strong up a way to pay for landing in the spot, even if it means that the player doesnt have the money for it. Monopoly also teaches players the rules of social betrothal. winning turns, following the rules, and fair play are general norms of social engagement (Glasberg, Nangle, Maatita, and Schauer 1998). Glasberg, Nangle, Maatita, and Schauer also bring out a go od observation when players detect the political socialization. They stated that since unknown players made up these games, the players did not ponder or negotiate the rules.What Ive noticed about the game is that the lusty that says In Jail, Just Visiting, the price of the estates are comparatively cheap. This reinforces the idea that people who are in jail are close likely people from bad neighborhoods. It can also mean that the estates are cheap because its next to a jail and it brings down the value of the estate. While on the other hand, the estates near the Go To Jail square are significantly higher on prices. The way I interpreted this is that higher credential is placed among valuable estates. Its like in life people with the money can afford to buy security cameras or high security equipments.Or it can mean that higher securities are placed around deep neighborhoods. Another square, called the Free Parking represents luck. The way I interpreted the Free Parking spot is the chances of winning the lottery, or in the case of the game it is to take all the money piled in the middle of the board game. There are many Americans who play the lottery, hoping to impersonate against the odds to win a vast amount of money. If the game were to be played different, for example some players start of wealthy while other players start off poor, the real life application may be accurate.A professor from Pennsylvania State University tested 50 educatees with the poor and rich elements. As suspected, the rich gets richer and the poor gets poorer. According to the article schoolroom Monopoly indorse Shows Rich Often Get Richer, 20% of the people control 40% of the wealth and 20% splits 1%. The remainder divides the middle 59% in the United States. Its just really interesting that how easy it is for players to sic to the power of money and how accurate it is sometimes. For example, it was very interesting that a student stole $100 from a neighbor because the stud ent was poor.Thats how it is in some places people have no other choice tho to steal for survival. Monopoly does have many useful skills such as accounting and money investments. However, the board game does reinforce American values, it incorporates the lemets of the American Dream and the corporate culture as well. Even if the game is played differently, these values remain the same and some players even become greedy and heartless (do anything to win, even if it means hurting friends or family). Its very interesting, it taught me untested ideas, and made me think of games that they are not always as it seems.Works Cited 1. Classroom monopoly game shows rich often get richer. (1992, Feb 22). Journal Record. Retrieved from www. search. proquest. com 2. Glasberg, D. , Nangle, B. , Maatita, F. , & Schauer, T. (1998, Apr). Games children play an execution illustrating agents of socialization. Teaching Sociology, 26(2), 130-139. Retrieved from www. jstor. org 3. Mastilak, C. (2012) First-Day Strategies for Millennial Students in Introductory Accounting Courses Its All gambling and Games Until Something Gets Learned, Journal of Education for Business, 87(1), 48-51. Retrieved from www. ebscohost. com

Baltimore (Maryland) As A Transportation Network And Sea Port

Balti more(prenominal) is located in northeast central p art guide of physician solid ground, on the Patapsco River, 40 miles (60 Km) North vitamin E of Washington D. C. and 75 miles (125 km) S step to the foreh West of Philadelphia (Holcomb, 2005). The urban center lies in a humid sub-tropical climate z one and experiences very high humid summers close to July and contendm winters around January (Ogle, 1996). Baltimore towns were founded in the 17th Century as mercantile bearings. The town was established on July 30, 1729 and was named afterward the first proprietary regulator of physician province Lord Baltimore (Holcomb, 2005).Baltimore grew rapidly from mid to late eighteenth century as a granary for sugar-producing colonies in the Caribbean (Ibid, 2005). Since the distance of Baltimore from the Caribbean is shorter as compargond to other large embrasureholes such as New York urban center wayhole and Boston, it was popularly roled beca drug abuse it restrictd di t time as comfortably as crucifyd spoilage of goods (Starr, 1991). After the British forces had burnt elabo send Washington DC, they invaded Baltimore in 1812 but the US forces won in that war (Ogle, 1996).Afterwards, instruction grew explosively due to increase commerce in the realms and abroad. This lead to construction of nationally-funded National road, head-to-headly-funded Baltimore and Ohio groomroad (Oslon, 1997). This boasted Baltimore as a major(ip) raptus and manufacturing centre (Ibid, 1997). On February 7, 1904, long Baltimore fire gutted down more than 1,500 makes in virtually 30 year and brought down city to fracture (Ogle, 1996). But two years later, through with(predicate) the help of city council the buildings were come back. The city grew in argona as more suburbs were founded (Higham, 2004).From late 1970s, the intimate Harbor was revitalized in a bid to modernize the air to increase the capacity and make it more competitive (Ogle, 1996). In 197 9 the Baltimore pattern centre was opened (Higham, 2004). In 1990s it was revamped and expanded as it became a major tourist destination. In the 21st century there has been education of Inner Harbor with sites like s behavior centre, ESPN Zone and Baltimore World tidy sum Centre (Martin, 2003). During the 19th and twentieth centuries, Baltimore served as a ship building and transembrasureation hub for the Mid Atlantic asserts due to its large natural agree.In the 20th century, the city competed vigorously with New York and Philadelphia in developing and maintaining large behavior facilities to attract merchants (Oslon, 1997). Baltimore port which was originally develop to transport crops, today the port moves more than 30. 6 one thousand thousand tons of shipment annually from automobiles to zinc (Anuta, 1983). This port has a major economic impact on mendelevium state and nigh states like Virginia, Washington DC and New York (Starr, 1991).The state is an industrious town with motor manufacturing and steel processing forming its economic instauration and backbone (Ogle, 1996). Nevertheless, shipping and expat is a major economic elaboration due to its st ordinategic location as sound as its highly-developed and networked transportation governing body. Baltimore city has a number of interstate highways. These federally-funded state highways draw Baltimore with other states (Robert, 2005). thither ar also two tunnels that pass through Baltimore harbor within the city. These are the four bore Fort McHenry burrow and two-bore Harbor tunnel (Ibid, 2005).Baltimore is well served with passenger rail. Amtruks trains serve among Baltimore and major cities in US, for example, just outside the city Baltimore/Washington supranational Thurgood Marshall aerodrome Rails Station is a renowned travellers stop (Oslon, 1997). Besides, MARC commuter rail processs connect Baltimores two intercity rail stations the Camden Station and Penn Station with Washingt on DCs Union station and stops in between (Robert, 2005). medico Transit Administration provides tribe in Baltimore city with public transit.The tutor network in the city is comprehensive and efficient. Baltimore-Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport (BWI) and Martin State airport serves Baltimore with air transport services (Anuta, 1983). Baltimore is a favored transport hub and sea port that is very fundamental to Maryland State as well as neighboring states like New York and Virginia (Higham, 2004). This is because it has a well-defined road network that gives it great relative degree advantage. Its deep wet port facilities are modernized and handle bulk goods conveniently. in that respect are respective(a) advantages of Baltimore port as compared to other ports around that region. These include geographical advantage. Baltimore has incorporated multi-model system of transport and it offers one of the low cost shipping and transportation services (Starr, 1 991). It also has well-maintained state roads connect Baltimore to the rest of the US. Baltimore Beltway surrounds the city and other interstate highways connect Baltimore to all directions (Robert, 2005). People can easily make across Baltimore metropolitan area through the citys extensive local road system.Due to its central location in the densely populated North West corridor of US, Maryland state and Baltimore in exceptional has geographical advantage over other ports as a diffusion centre (Holcomb, 2005). Baltimore can be accessed by nightlong tracks that haul goods to major markets of North East, South East and Mid West due to the strategic location (Ibid, 2005). According to Maryland Distribution Council (http//www. mdc. org) the consumer market that is within overnight reach of Maryland state represents a whooping 80 million people (32% of US population), $1.2 trillion in effective buying income (35% of the US total) and $566. 2 billion in retail sales (33% of US total ) (Anuta, 1983). According to MDC the private haulers number over 5,000, common and contract carriers that serve within Maryland and its environ (Ogle, 1996). Baltimore port handles in the ranges of 30. 6 million tons of dispatch every year and it is ranked number one in Poll-on roll up off encumbrance in the East coast (Starr, 1991). Another comparative advantage is the technological advances in the port that has computerized its operations.The port boasts the use of electronic Data Interchange (EDI), hand held computers, computerized gate computers and scanners which in a great way have had a positive impact on the efficiency and effectiveness of the port (Ogle, 1996). Economically, Baltimore has large skilled labor force that is important in running of its vibrant economy. It has large tracks of warehouses, that is, over 23 million square feet and cold storage space (Starr, 1991). It has developed in service industry and has comprehensive international banking services (Rober t, 2005).Baltimore still has other comparative advantages over other ports surrounding it. These include excellent inter-model connections by water, rail and tunnel, rail service that is on-dock at all terminals provided by CSX and Norfolk Southern, is rated as one of the safest and most secure ports in the world, presence of advanced and electronic onus data system which makes the process of clearing and forwarding efficient and time-saving, cargo consolidation, export parking and crating services. It also has excellent tracking services whether it is a local dray or a long haul (Robert, 2005).Baltimore harbors importance to neighboring states like New York City and Virginia are numerous. With the well-maintained interstate highways one can drive to Baltimore from New York City for alone(prenominal) two hours, and less than one hour from Washington DC (Higham, 2004). There are also options to use trains or fly into the city. The city offers arouse tourist destination. Ellicott City is a charming village with restored historical sites with art galleries, quaint shops, gift shops and restaurants (Ibid, 2004). Baltimore offers a great investment destiny for businessmen and businessmen have identified the city for investment.Investors from New York and neighboring states are investing in hotels, transport and other services (Ogle, 1996). The Baltimore port ahs wrick a magnet for development that has spread outside the city to close states like Virginia (Oslon, 1997). This is because of the ability to handle large bulk of goods that are shipped into these states for development and also serving as exporting port to these states economies (Starr, 1991). The Baltimore port has contributed to egress of nearby regions such as Virginia and Philadelphia through provision of jobs.Direct related jobs, bring on and indirect jobs have change magnitude due to increased cargo run in the port (Holcomb, 2005). Out of these 16,500 are direct jobs and about 34,000 indu ce and indirect jobs and other jobs that are directly related to activities at the port in nearby states are in hundreds of thousands (Anuta, 1983). Through taxes paid by businesses that engage in shipping, handling, transporting, importing and exporting goods, Maryland State and neighboring regional states, get tax revenues that greatly help them fund their budgets (Higham, 2004).Baltimore port has enabled growth of service sectors in Maryland state and other states (Oslon, 1997). These sectors that developed include banking, insurance, admiralty, law, maritime services, consignee service and surface transport (Ibid, 1997). This has impacted an increased business income of participants like national trucking firms, freight forwarders and bankers. The value of the port of Baltimore to neighboring states has increased due to increased due to increased cargo moving via the port into these states (Martin, 2003).Through the port goods are exported and imported into these states that gen erate about $50 billion of their economic activities in 2007 (Ibid, 2003). Some of the challenges that Baltimore port faces is environs degradation due to material waste disposal (Starr, 1991). However, legislation was passed to check out waste of dredge materials. Environment Trust Fund was set up to fund building of a site for the disposal of the material dredged from the shipping channels leading to Baltimore harbor (Anuta, 1983).Environment impact statement was prepared after public hearing, where citizens proposed provision of commercial shipping by maintaining channels advance Baltimore port, which in turn saw an outright prohibition to open water disposal and recycling of waste for agricultural and other purposes (Robert, 2005). Traffic congestion is another challenge that faces the city and Maryland state in general. There was a bill that proposed state local and regional transportation plans to reduce vehicle mileage by at least 10% by 2020 however the US senate rejecte d the proposal (Holcomb, 2005).The assembly has approved removal of the annual state sidewalk funding capital which amounts to about 2 million dollars which will see increased funding of state in sidewalks that will manage transport in the city streets (Oslon, 1997). Crime posture in the state is a major challenge to this city port (Anuta, 1983). The crime statistics for 2005 revealed approximately 269 homicides which is about seven times the normal rate (Starr, 1991). Generally overall crime rate have worked hard to reduce crime activities and give the city a safe environment (Martin, 2003).Conclusion Baltimore port is a very important not only to the Maryland state but to the altogether region. This port serves as a major entering and exit point of goods and people from Atlantic to Mid West and the whole of United State. Its strategic geographic location has given it a comparative advantage over rival ports. Many of businesses around the region use these ports to export or imp ort their goods as it is cheaper considering the short distance to the coast. increase activities this port has translated to economic growth in the region.The impact of the use of the Baltimore ports on the regional economies can be identified in sectors such as, touristry sectors, transport and haulage sectors, banking and other financial service sectors as well as public sector. More service industries are developed in Maryland and nearby estates to support the growth brought by enhanced use of this port. Despite these positive influences the use of ports has on the region there are some negative impacts that can be identified as having came out of the use of the ports.Drug importation through these ports has been a challenge not only to this state but to the whole nation. Drug barons use this as sea entry point to US market. They disguise their consignment as profound trade goods to get clearance and access to their intended markets. Maryland carriage Authority has stepped up and taken measures like use of scanners to scan content in containers and use of drug detectors. The state security forces together with federal security agents should help reduce crime in the city.Insecurity has been recognized as a major force that can greatly decelerate the rate of development in the city. Investors flee areas that they know their investments are not safe. Maryland way Authority should implement ways of improving harbor way and services for instance, ensuring that there is sufficient safety from hazards like fire, theft, accidents in the work place as well as ensuring that information technology system is up-to-date and fully functioning.In turn, this will radically enhance Baltimore harbor transportation network, thus reducing obstacles such as delayed transportation, drug dutyking and traffic congestion. References Anuta, Michael J. (1983). Ships of our Ancestors. Baltimore Genealogical Publishing Co. , Inc. Higham, Eileen. (2004). Tuscany-Canterbury A Bal timore Neighborhood History. Baltimore Maryland Historical Society. Holcomb, Eric L. (2005). The City as Suburb A History of Northeast Baltimore since 1660. Santa Fe, N. M. Center for American Places. Martin L. Millspaugh.(2003). The Inner Harbor Story. The Urban Land Institute. Washington, D. C. Ogle, Maureen. (1996). All the Modern elaboration Baltimore. Johns Hopkins University Press. Olson, Sherry H. (1997). Baltimore The Building of an American City. Baltimore Johns Hopkins University Press. Robert C. Keith (2005). Baltimore Harbor A Pictorial History. Third Edition. The Johns Hopkins University Press. Baltimore and London. Starr, J. (1991). The Port of Baltimore Off the Beaten Track? Maritime Policy and Management 18, 171-181. http//www. mdc. org

American expansion in the 19th century Essay

In the old age betwixt 1830 and 1860, the get together States grew economically, socially, and most noniceably, geographically. In this time period, Texas, Oregon, atomic number 20, New Mexico, and genus Arizona were gained, completing the continental fall in States. Many Americans in the 19th light speed believed this acquisition of territory was a manifest urgency, or event recognised as necessary. They thought it was the destiny of the U.S. to control all land from the eastern hemisphere coast to the west coast. However, I believe that this land was taken as an act of vulturous imperialism on the part of the unite States. Imperialism is the practice of extending the position and dominion of a nation by direct territorial acquisitions of different aras, and clearly America took such(prenominal) of this land by force alternatively than negotiation with other nations. The motives of the United States was not that of expansion, but in hopes of gaining advanced resourc es, land for agriculture, and natural resources. Also, the gain of this territory was far from inevitable.During the 19th cytosine, the United States engaged in conflicts with both Great Britain and Mexico with victories yielding land. Although the leap between Maine and Canada was determined by the Webster-Ashburn Treaty, the battle of the maps between Americans and British spurred negotiations. The secondern circumference of Texas was set at the Rio Grande River following a three year warfare with Mexico, also resulting in the acquisition of the Mexican cession (California and New Mexico). The harm of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo called for the United States to pay Mexico $15 million for this land, but this earnings was more of a compensation for the war rather than buy of land. The United States used force to gain much of the western territory, just as imperialist nations did overseas. I see no difference between the United States taking land from Mexico and France taki ng control of Northern Africa both cases are imperialism at work.The east coast of the United States was well settled and essential by the mid 1800s, but was by no means overcrowded. primarily in the history of America, the government forced Native Americans off their lands to charge its power and authority over lesser people. The theory of manifest destiny seems to be just another show of power. The American people were not desperate for this land, it was more of a novelty. By gaining this land, new natural resourcescould be gained, as proven by the gold rush in California in 1848. The people inhabiting these regions were often not American, but British or Mexican in the case or the Oregon Territory or California, respectively. The completion of the continental United States was not motivated by the motive to expand, but for a desire of power.The term manifest destiny refers to an inevitable event, but the expansion of America was actually avoidable. At one time, politicians su ch(prenominal) as President James K. Polk were set on a member between the Oregon Territory and Canada at the line 5440. In fact, the term 5440 or fight was a popular campaign slogan for the election of 1844. When all was said and done, the boundary between the United States and Canada was drawn and the 49th parallel, much shorter than initially desired. Cuba was considered for purchase from Spain in the 1850s, but eventually this was defeated by antislavery members of congress, as the hard climate and plantations already in existence there would benefit the south alone. Mexican land was also threatened following the war, as Americans captured Mexico City, and umteen Democrats hoped to gain all land under Mexicos jurisdiction. In each of these cases, the opportunity existed to further expand the United States, but more aggressive measures were not taken. America did not have to have any of this spare land.I feel that the idea of manifest destiny is simply a way to rationalize th e United States practice of imperialism in North America. no(prenominal) of the land gained in the 19th century was given to the U.S., it was taken use force and often violence. Financial compensation is irrelevant considering wars took place to eke out the southwest. The government was motivated by the power that could be attained by expanding the size of the nation, motivating many of the decisions regarding territory in this time period. Also, if the article of faith in manifest destiny were held true, the United States would currently encompass much of Canada, Cuba, and Latin America., which is obviously not the case. The actions of our nation in the 19th century were not that of manifest destiny, but in fact aggressive imperialism.